In mythology, many deities are depicted with three eyes: two normal eyes and a third eye located on their forehead, which is believed to possess supreme powers. While myths are far from reality, you might be surprised to learn that you, I, and countless others, despite not being deities, also possess a 'third eye'!
Greek paleontologist Oervitz discovered a small hole above the eye sockets of a giant pangolin's skull, arranged in a pattern resembling a character from the Chinese language. This piqued his interest, and upon further research, it was proven to be a degenerated eye socket. This discovery sent shockwaves through the biological community, leading scientists worldwide to investigate further. Research has shown that fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, and even humans possess a third eye. Many people forget about this third eye or have never considered its existence because it is no longer located on the surface of the face; instead, it is deeply embedded in the upper part of the brain, known as the pineal gland.
The human third eye has transformed into a unique and specialized gland. Apart from the pineal gland, no other gland in the body contains star-shaped cells. These star-shaped cells are not ordinary; they are abundant in the cerebral hemispheres. However, the exact relationship between glands and nerve cells remains unclear.
Although the functions of the third eye differ significantly from the other two, there is still a connection. The pineal gland is highly sensitive to sunlight and is linked to the eyes through nerve fibers. When sunlight is intense, the pineal gland is inhibited and secretes less melatonin; conversely, during overcast weather, it secretes more melatonin.
Additionally, researchers have found crystal particles of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and iron within the structure of the third eye. Newborns do not possess this peculiar substance known as 'brain sand', and it is rare in children under 15. However, after the age of 15, the quantity of 'brain sand' begins to increase annually. Interestingly, this small accumulation does not affect the function of the third eye. It seems that further research is needed to fully understand its complexities.
