The Loulan Ancient City was once a thriving hub on the Silk Road, but it suddenly declined between the 3rd and 4th centuries AD. In 1906, archaeologist Stein unearthed a wealth of precious artifacts in Loulan, including Han dynasty bamboo slips and murals. Unfortunately, these artifacts went missing after being stolen, and the disappearance of the Loulan Ancient City remains an unsolved mystery to this day.