The Dreyfus Affair, which unfolded in France at the end of the 19th century, centered around the wrongful conviction of Jewish officer Alfred Dreyfus and lasted for 12 years. The case began with an anonymous letter revealing French military secrets. Dreyfus was accused of espionage and, despite his claims of innocence, was ultimately sentenced. It wasn't until 1898, when new evidence emerged, that Dreyfus's supporters began to uncover the truth, although the true culprits remain unknown to this day.
In 1894, Dreyfus was arrested and subsequently exiled to Devil's Island in French Guiana. He maintained his innocence, but the military leadership did not conduct a serious investigation. In 1896, Esterhazy was suspected of being the real spy, but the investigation was once again suppressed. It wasn't until 1898 that Zola published an open letter condemning the injustice of the case, which garnered widespread attention. Ultimately, in 1906, Dreyfus was declared innocent, but the truth remains murky.
