In 31 BC, Cleopatra, the last queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, betrayed Mark Antony during the Battle of Actium and fled with 60 warships. How did she ultimately meet her end? Historians from both the East and West have various theories. Some believe she committed suicide using a venomous snake, while others suggest she died from poisoning. Cleopatra attempted to end her life with both poison and snakes. After returning to Alexandria and realizing her demise was imminent, she gathered various poisons and even experimented on condemned prisoners. She sent messengers to Octavian to negotiate her children's inheritance rights, but to no avail. Octavian demanded that she either kill Antony herself or leave Egypt. Ultimately, Cleopatra chose to take her own life; some say she was bitten by a snake, while others believe she ingested poison. Octavian eventually ordered her body to be buried beside Antony.