In the distant depths of the universe lies a mysterious entity: the black hole. Stars burn through nuclear reactions, maintaining their light and heat. However, when a star exhausts its fuel, it approaches its end. As the temperature drops, the radiation pressure within the star can no longer resist gravity, leading to an endless collapse. This process follows Newton's law of universal gravitation, where gravity is proportional to mass and inversely proportional to the square of the distance. The star is compressed to a smaller size, with increasing density, until, in an instant, the temperature skyrockets to one hundred million degrees, triggering a supernova explosion. The star is torn apart, becoming dust and radiating light in all directions.
Those massive stars, exceeding three times the mass of the Sun, continue to collapse endlessly under extreme gravitational forces. Under this gravitational pressure, the star gradually shrinks until it becomes a singularity. Around this singularity, gravity is infinitely strong, and no matter, not even light, can escape. This region is called the 'event horizon,' marking the boundary of the black hole. Once matter crosses the event horizon, it can never return.
The form of a black hole is incredibly small; even a black hole with the mass of Earth would have a diameter of merely 2 centimeters. In certain galaxies, there may exist giant black holes lurking among countless stars, devouring everything that comes too close.
